Hey All,
I know this is an old thread, but wanted to put in a possible solution for anyone who might come to this thread having a similar issue. We were having issues adding our extensions to the launchpad.
What we found is that when we created an extension project in the SAP Web IDE, it is built with the component.js file underneath a webapp folder. So, in LPD_CUST, we entered the Application Parameter -> URL as: /sap/bc/ui5_ui5/sap/<extension project>/webapp/
and it worked for us.
Thanks,
-Kevin